Kotatsu, an Indispensable Item for Winter in Japan

Typically Japanese, the kotatsu is the best barrier against the cold. Friends and families sit around it to eat, chat, read and rest, all while keeping their legs warm. For centuries, the kotatsu was the only source of heat in many Japanese homes. The first mention of its existence dates back to the 15th century, when a coal heater was dug into the centre of the living room. With the arrival of electricity in the 20th century, coal was replaced by a system of electric heaters placed directly underneath the table.

A revival after 2011

While kotatsus were most popular in the late 1970s, their production then declined due to a move towards underfloor heating systems and air conditioning systems for modern Japanese homes. However, kotatsus provide considerable energy savings. The blanket positioned on top of the table allows the heat to be contained within a defined space. The kokatsu’s electricity consumption is therefore less than half that of a heater that warms an entire room.

Since the March 2011 earthquake, the issue of energy consumption has re-emerged and kokatsu sales have increased once more. While it might be popular due to its economic advantage, it is also above all an object that encourages conviviality, and a cosy space for people to curl up with a warm cup of tea.